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Episode

Course 38 - Web Security Known Web Attacks | Episode 5: SOP Fundamentals and SOME Attack Exploitation via Flash Callbacks

Podcast
CyberCode Academy
Published
Jul 6, 2026
Duration seconds
1519
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https://www.spreaker.com/episode/course-38-web-security-known-web-attacks-episode-5-sop-fundamentals-and-some-attack-exploitation-via-flash-callbacks--72711737
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Summary

In this lesson, you’ll learn about: Same Origin Policy (SOP), its controlled exceptions, and how attackers exploit it using SOME via Flash callbacks1. What is the Same Origin Policy (SOP)🔹 Definition: A core browser security rule that restricts how documents interact 🔹 Enforced in: Web Browsers 🔹 Rule: Two URLs can interact only if all match: Protocol (HTTP / HTTPS) Host (domain) Port 👉 Key Insight SOP prevents unauthorized access between different websites2. Why SOP Exists🔹 Purpose: Protect user data (cookies, sessions, DOM) 🔹 Without SOP: Any site could read or modify another site 👉 Key Insight SOP is the foundation of web security isolation3. Soft Exclusions to SOP🔹 Allowed interactions: embedding postMessage API 🔹 Why they exist: Enable cross-origin communication safely 👉 Key Insight SOP is strict—but not absolute4. Introducing SOME (Same Origin Method Execution)🔹 Definition: A technique to execute methods across windows using references 🔹 Related concept: Reverse clickjacking 👉 Key Insight SOME doesn’t break SOP—it works around it5. Role of Flash in SOME Attacks🔹 Technology involved: Adobe Flash Player 🔹 Bridge: ActionScript ↔ JavaScript 🔹 Key function: ExternalInterface.call() 👉 Key Insight Flash acts as a bridge to execute JS indirectly6. How Flash Callbacks Become Vulnerable🔹 Weakness: Accept user-controlled input 🔹 Restrictions: Often limited to: Letters (a–z, A–Z) Numbers (0–9) Dot (.) 🔹 Still dangerous because: Can call existing JS functions 👉 Key Insight Limited input ≠ safe input7. SOME Attack Lifecycle🔹 Step-by-step: Victim visits attacker page Malicious page opens new tab Uses window.opener reference Parent tab redirected to target site Payload executes via callback 👉 Key Insight Attack uses tab relationships + timing8. DOM Manipulation via SOME🔹 Target:…