# Why did three popes reign at once? - Joëlle Rollo-Koster

Page: https://stenobird.com/podcast/ted-ed-7859430/why-did-three-popes-reign-at-once-jo-lle-rollo-koster
Text version: https://stenobird.com/podcast/ted-ed-7859430/why-did-three-popes-reign-at-once-jo-lle-rollo-koster.md
Podcast: [TED-Ed](https://stenobird.com/podcast/ted-ed-7859430)
Published: 2026-07-17T15:30:00+00:00
Episode link: https://traffic.megaphone.fm/VG8401378535.mp3
Audio file: https://traffic.megaphone.fm/VG8401378535.mp3
Processing state: not_requested
JSON: https://stenobird.com/v1/public/podcasts/ted-ed-7859430/episodes/why-did-three-popes-reign-at-once-jo-lle-rollo-koster
Duration seconds: 537

## Resource

Dig into the history of the Papal Schism, which caused a split in the Catholic Church while 3 popes vied for supremacy. --For almost two millennia, the Pope has been a figure of supreme spiritual authority for Catholics around the world. But in the late 14th century, Catholics found themselves with not one, not two, but three popes. Where did this plethora of popes come from? And who among them was the genuine article? Joëlle Rollo-Koster shares the origins of this papal predicament.Lesson by Joëlle Rollo-Koster, directed by Kaspar Jancis.Support Our Non-Profit Mission----------------------------------------------Support us on Patreon: http://bit.ly/TEDEdPatreonCheck out our merch: http://bit.ly/TEDEDShop----------------------------------------------Connect With Us----------------------------------------------Sign up for our newsletter: http://bit.ly/TEDEdNewsletterFollow us on Facebook: http://bit.ly/TEDEdFacebookFind us on Twitter: http://bit.ly/TEDEdTwitterPeep us on Instagram: http://bit.ly/TEDEdInstagram----------------------------------------------Keep Learning----------------------------------------------View full lesson: https://ed.ted.com/lessons/why-were-there-three-popes-at-the-same-time-joelle-rollo-kosterDig deeper with additional resources: https://ed.ted.com/lessons/why-were-there-three-popes-at-the-same-time-joelle-rollo-koster#digdeeper----------------------------------------------Thank you so much to our patrons for your support! Without you this video would not be possible! Jose Arcadio Valdes Franco, Sebastiaan Vleugels, Karl Laius, JY Kang, Abhishek Goel, Heidi Stolt, Nicole Sund, Karlee Finch, Mario Mejia, Denise A Pitts, Doug Henry, Keven Webb, Mihai Sandu, Deepak Iyer, Javid Gozalov, Kyanta Yap, Rebecca Reineke, William Biersdorf, Patricia Alves…

## Actions

- request_transcript: `POST https://stenobird.com/v1/public/podcasts/ted-ed-7859430/episodes/why-did-three-popes-reign-at-once-jo-lle-rollo-koster/transcription-requests` — Idempotently request low-priority transcript generation for this episode.
- read_markdown: `GET https://stenobird.com/podcast/ted-ed-7859430/why-did-three-popes-reign-at-once-jo-lle-rollo-koster.md` — Read the agent-friendly Markdown representation of this episode resource.

A page view does not enqueue transcription. Agents should invoke `request_transcript` explicitly when they need this episode processed.

## Transcript

Full transcripts are not published on public pages unless there is a clear rights basis.