# The Democratization of Violence in the Greater Middle East

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Text version: https://stenobird.com/podcast/horns-of-a-dilemma-697116/the-democratization-of-violence-in-the-greater-middle-east.md
Podcast: [Horns of a Dilemma](https://stenobird.com/podcast/horns-of-a-dilemma-697116)
Published: 2025-12-02T21:26:00+00:00
Episode link: https://hornsofadilemma.libsyn.com/the-democratization-of-violence-in-the-greater-middle-east
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Duration seconds: 2320

## Resource

Dr. Carter Malkasian joins us to explore how the "democratization of violence"—driven by the availability of assault rifles and explosives—empowered non-state actors and challenged state authority throughout the Cold War. The conversation also addresses the role of Islam in legitimizing non-state violence and how foreign intervention accelerated these trends. Malkasian's latest article, "Wars of the Greater Middle East, 1945–92," is featured in TNSR Volume 9, Issue 1.

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## Transcript

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