# Episode #61: What Your Warning Letter Is Really Telling You with Steven Shapiro Page: https://stenobird.com/podcast/from-lab-to-label-the-scientification-of-consumer-brands-6420614/episode-61-what-your-warning-letter-is-really-telling-you-with-steven-shapiro Text version: https://stenobird.com/podcast/from-lab-to-label-the-scientification-of-consumer-brands-6420614/episode-61-what-your-warning-letter-is-really-telling-you-with-steven-shapiro.md Podcast: [From Lab to Label: The Scientification of Consumer Brands](https://stenobird.com/podcast/from-lab-to-label-the-scientification-of-consumer-brands-6420614) Published: 2026-09-25T14:37:55+00:00 Episode link: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/citruslabs/episodes/Episode-61-What-Your-Warning-Letter-Is-Really-Telling-You-with-Steven-Shapiro-e3pboj4 Audio file: https://anchor.fm/s/de83c94c/podcast/play/126263332/https%3A%2F%2Fd3ctxlq1ktw2nl.cloudfront.net%2Fstaging%2F2026-8-24%2F432606565-44100-2-5d998b256514e.m4a Processing state: not_requested JSON: https://stenobird.com/v1/public/podcasts/from-lab-to-label-the-scientification-of-consumer-brands-6420614/episodes/episode-61-what-your-warning-letter-is-really-telling-you-with-steven-shapiro Duration seconds: 2588 ## Resource Got a warning letter? Don't ignore it. And don't assume it's the end of the road either. In this episode, Susanne sits down with Steven Shapiro, a food and drug regulatory attorney with more than 30 years of experience advising supplement, food, OTC, and cosmetic brands on labels, claims, and enforcement. Steven shares how his early work on the black currant oil cases helped lead to DSHEA in 1994, and how the industry has grown from a handful of family-owned companies into a multi-billion dollar market. Together, they explore who sends warning letters, where the line falls between supplement and drug claims, and what brands actually need to substantiate what they say. What's covered in this episode: How FDA, FTC, and NAD warning letters differ, and why ignoring the NAD can bring federal regulators to your door Why own-label distributors are responsible for GMP compliance, even with a certified contract manufacturer How to tell a structure-function claim from a disease claim, and why that line keeps shifting When customer reviews and social media comments become the brand's legal responsibility Why claims like "natural" and "zero sugar" are a magnet for consumer class actions What "competent and reliable scientific evidence" really means, and what a pilot study can and can't support Tune in to hear Steven's perspective on why testimonials aren't substantiation, how to build a case from the full body of science, and what every startup should put in place before their first product hits the shelf. About USU Law Ullman, Shapiro & Ullman, LLP is a New York law firm focused on food, drug, and cosmetic law. They help supplement and natural products brands, from startups to established companies, with FDA and FTC compliance, label and advertis… ## Actions - request_transcript: `POST https://stenobird.com/v1/public/podcasts/from-lab-to-label-the-scientification-of-consumer-brands-6420614/episodes/episode-61-what-your-warning-letter-is-really-telling-you-with-steven-shapiro/transcription-requests` — Idempotently request low-priority transcript generation for this episode. - read_markdown: `GET https://stenobird.com/podcast/from-lab-to-label-the-scientification-of-consumer-brands-6420614/episode-61-what-your-warning-letter-is-really-telling-you-with-steven-shapiro.md` — Read the agent-friendly Markdown representation of this episode resource. A page view does not enqueue transcription. Agents should invoke `request_transcript` explicitly when they need this episode processed. ## Transcript Full transcripts are not published on public pages unless there is a clear rights basis.